Cancer - Dr.Dey

Stage 4 Kidney Cancer: Symptoms, Treatment, and Life Expectancy

The number of kidney cancer patients has been increasing every year. One of the reasons is the prevalence of the CT scan, which detects kidney cancer at an early stage. Kidney cancer treatment in Vashi, Navi Mumbai, is highly effective for early-stage cancers. The treatment becomes more complicated when the cancer has reached an advanced stage. Here’s more about stage IV kidney cancer, symptoms, and treatment options. What is Stage 4 Kidney Cancer? The kidney, a bean-shaped organ, filters your blood, removes excess fluid from the body, and produces urine. When cells in your kidneys start growing uncontrollably, they form a cancerous tumor within the kidney. The cancer is classified into four stages, in which, the cancerous cells stay confined to the kidneys in the early stage and might spread outside kidneys in the later stages. The fourth stage is considered the most advanced. It occurs when the cells from the tumor break through the fatty tissue surrounding the kidneys and invade other nearby organs, such as the adrenal glands and lymph nodes. Where Does Kidney Cancer Spread? Stage 4 kidney cancer cells can reach different parts of your body through the lymphatic system and bloodstream and might form tumors there. The most common sites that the cancer might invade include: The lymphatic system, which destroys bacteria, viruses, and cancer cells, might become a site for these abnormal cells to thrive and spread throughout the body. Stage 4 Kidney Cancer Symptoms Like other cancer types, kidney cancer may not cause noticeable symptoms in its early stages. Here are some hallmark signs of kidney cancer in the later stages: Secondary tumors might cause additional symptoms, depending on where the cancer has spread and the organs it has invaded. The symptoms include: Treatment for Stage 4 Kidney Cancer For stage 4 kidney cancer, the treatment may involve surgical removal of the diseased portion of the kidney or the entire kidney with lymph nodes and affected nearby tissues. Immunotherapy can help improve your immune system’s ability to fight cancer cells and offer relief. In most cases, a combination of treatments, such as targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and radiation therapy, is used for treatment. Metastatic kidney cancer is difficult to treat, which is why many patients focus on palliative treatment that helps with pain management and improving their quality of life. Life Expectancy in Stage 4 Kidney Cancer According to the American Cancer Society, in patients with stage 4 kidney cancer, the 5-year survival rate is 18% while the same rates for localized and regional cancers are 93% and 75% respectively. That said, these are only the average numbers. The survival rate can vary depending on your overall health and how your body responds to treatment. To learn more, consult the best urologist in Vashi, Navi Mumbai.

Is Nephrectomy the Best Treatment for Renal Cell Carcinoma?

Renal cell carcinoma affects hundreds of thousands of people worldwide. Kidney cancer sounds intimidating. However, cutting-edge technology has made many advanced treatment options possible for those diagnosed with this malignant cancer. A common question that people ask is whether nephrectomy surgery is their only hope. Or, is it the best kidney cancer treatment in Vashi, Navi Mumbai? The answer depends on the type of cancer, how far it’s spread, the size of the tumor, and your health. Let’s learn more about it. Causes of Renal Cell Carcinoma RCC starts in the tubules that filter blood and produce urine. Although the exact causes are unknown, certain risk factors that are believed to contribute to an increased risk of RCC include: Symptoms of RCC are often not obvious in the early stages. It may be detected accidentally during routine check-ups or imaging tests. Symptoms might show up later, i.e., when the disease has progressed. Symptoms usually depend on the parts of the body the cancer has affected. Patients report blood in the urine, weight loss, fatigue, pain in the back, and an unusual mass in the abdomen. Nephrectomy for Renal Cell Carcinoma Nephrectomy is a surgery to remove the diseased kidney (sometimes, a part of it) to get rid of cancer. Your surgeon might recommend: Partial Nephrectomy If the cancer affects only a small portion of the kidney, the oncologist might remove the diseased part, leaving the healthy kidney tissues intact. Choose the best urologist in Vashi, Navi Mumbai, if you want to preserve your kidney function with partial nephrectomy. Radical Nephrectomy Radical nephrectomy removes the entire kidney and is the most preferred choice for patients with a large tumor, a tumor located in the center of the kidney, or when the cancer cells have metastasized to the lymph nodes and the surrounding structures. Depending on the stage of the RCC, the entire kidney, including lymph nodes, adrenal gland, and surrounding tissues, is removed. If the cancer is localized (i.e., it hasn’t invaded the nearby tissues or organs), surgery may be the most effective treatment plan. However, nephrectomy alone may not always be a practical option. For example, people with advanced-stage RCC may require targeted therapy, immunotherapy, or a mix of both for the best results. If the patient’s kidneys aren’t healthy or functioning properly, removing them may worsen their condition. In such cases, cryotherapy or radiofrequency ablation (RFA) can help destroy the cancer. Chemotherapy is not used as a primary treatment for kidney cancer, as kidney tumors are resistant to chemotherapy drugs, making it less effective than other treatment options, like immunotherapy. Conclusion While nephrectomy is used as the first line of treatment for most renal cell carcinoma cases, surgery alone may not be effective if the cancer has metastasized. That said, there’s no one-size-fits-all treatment for kidney cancer. Some patients may find relief from a combination of treatment options, while others may experience improvement with surgery alone.

Exploring the Alarming Warning Signs & Symptoms for Urological Cancer

Urological cancer is a collective medical term for all types of cancers that begin in the male and female urinary system or the male reproductive system. The most commonly affected areas include the bladder, kidneys, ureters, testes (in men), prostate, and urethra. While the symptoms of urological cancers may vary depending on the affected organs, they all require early detection and prompt medical attention for a better chance of recovery. Common Symptoms of Urological Cancer Here’s what most people with urological cancer are likely to notice. Some people with urological cancer are asymptomatic, while others experience severe symptoms. Blood in the Urine Also called hematuria, blood in the urine is often considered an early sign of bladder cancer. In some cases, the urine turns pink or red with visible blood drops. In others, the blood may be too little in amount to be seen without a microscope. People with hematuria usually do not consider it a major issue because it happens occasionally, and it may not cause any pain. While blood in the urine may not always indicate a serious medical issue, it’s always best to have yourself checked. Painless Lump In men, testicular cancer can lead to a painless lump with a visible swelling in one or both testes. The scrotum might feel heavier. In some cases, the lump occurs with pain. It’s important to notice changes in your testicular appearance and see a professional if you notice anything unusual. This cancer can grow quickly and aggressively. Unexplained Weight Loss If you have been losing weight without trying, it could be an early sign of cancer. If unexplained weight loss is accompanied by urological issues, like inability to pass urine, an urge to urinate often, or pain and burning sensation while urinating, it’s best to get checked for urological. Less Common Symptoms Fatigue Your body tends to burn energy faster when it’s fighting off a disease. As a result, you are likely to feel tired and extremely weak. If you feel unusually tired or notice anything off about your energy levels, it’s time to see a healthcare expert. Lower Back Pain A most notable sign of kidney cancer is pain in the lower back, just beneath the ribs. Sadly, the pain only crops up when the tumor has grown bigger. You could have dull or sharp pain. There’s no way to know whether the pain in the back is associated with other non-critical issues or a chronic disease, which is why it’s best to see a urologist to rule out urological cancer as a potential cause. Recurrent UTIs Frequent episodes of urinary tract infections can signal an underlying issue, possibly a urological cancer. Although UTIS can occur due to poor hygiene, low immunity, and other factors, if you have been getting them frequently, it’s best to consult with a doctor. Depending on the type and aggressiveness of the cancer, a urologist may recommend a combination of treatment plans that help slow its progress and kill the cancer cells before they reach an advanced stage.

Know When To Get Prostate Surgery Done

The prostate is a small gland located between the bladder and penis in men. It plays a role in producing semen and is susceptible to changes as men age. With increasing age, hormonal changes and cell growth can cause the prostate to enlarge, a condition known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). A study states, \”By age 60, half of all men will have an enlarged prostate, and by age 85, the proportion reaches 90%.\” An enlarged prostate can increase the risk of kidney problems or repeated urinary tract infections. If you have an enlarged prostate that causes certain medical conditions and other treatments don\’t provide enough relief, you should get enlarged prostate surgery in Navi Mumbai. Conditions that require prostate surgery If you have any of these medical problems, you should consider getting enlarged prostate treatment in Vashi, including: Prostate cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in men. In most cases, it is a slow-growing cancer, but it can spread to other body parts if it is not treated. Some common symptoms of prostate cancer include frequent urination, weak urine flow, erectile dysfunction, bone pain, and pelvic discomfort. Doctors recommend prostate surgery to treat prostate cancer. Prostatitis is an inflammation of the prostate gland. A bacterial infection, a virus, or an autoimmune disorder may cause it. Prostatitis can cause a variety of symptoms in a person, including pain, difficulty urinating, and blood in the urine. Doctors sometimes use prostate surgery to treat prostatitis, but it is usually not the first line of treatment. BPH is a common condition in older men that causes noncancerous prostate gland enlargement. It can cause various symptoms, including difficulty urinating, frequent urination, and a weak urine stream. Your healthcare provider may suggest TURP, laser ablation techniques, or prostate artery embolization (PAE) to treat BPH. Check more about Blood In Urine: What Does it Mean? A prostate abscess is a collection of pus in the prostate gland. It is a rare condition, but it can be serious. Prostate abscesses are usually treated with antibiotics and surgery. It typically requires drainage to remove the infection and relieve symptoms. Surgical procedures, such as transrectal or transperineal drainage, may be necessary to address the abscess. Moreover, doctors may use prostate surgery to treat prostate abscesses if other treatments, like antibiotics, are unsuccessful. This condition causes narrowing of the urethra, the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. Doctors may use prostate surgery to treat urethral stricture if other treatments, like medication or balloon dilation, are ineffective. Conclusion : If you want an enlarged prostate treatment clinic in Navi Mumbai, consider visiting Dr. Soumyan Dey. He is a leading urologist and uro-oncologist with 12 years of experience. Dr. Dey believes that surgery should only be used when necessary. He uses minimally invasive surgical techniques whenever possible, which can help to reduce recovery time and pain. Also Read : How is Prostate Cancer Diagnosed?

Types & Causes of Cancer

Types and Causes of Cancer Cancer is a disease in which some of the body’s cells grow or spread uncontrollably to the other parts of body. Cancer can start almost anywhere in the human body. Normally, human cells grow and multiply to form new cells as the body needs them. When cells grow old or become damaged they die, and new cells take their place. Sometimes this order breaks down causing abnormality of cells division causing damaged cells to grow when they should die and make new. These cells may form tumours, which are lumps of tissues. Types of tumoursTumours can be cancerous or non cancerous as well.Cancerous tumours spread into nearby tissues and can travel to distant places in the body to form new tumours. Many cancers form solid tumours but cancers of the blood, such as leukaemia, generally do not.As we understand that cancer occurs when the normal cells in our body grow in uncontrolled way. This abnormal growth of cells can become cancer and if the cancerous cells took the major part of the organ then the organ can no longer work. Causes of Cancer The exact cause of cancers are unknown and there is not a single cause for any type of cancer. But there are some factors that helps in developing cancers.Tobacco use is the cause of 22% of cancer deaths. Another 10% are due to obesity, poor diet, lack of physical activity or excessive drinking of alcohol. Other factors include certain infections, exposure to environmental pollutants that are harmful for our bodies.15% of cancers are due to infections such as Hepatitis-B, Hepatitis-C and HIV. Approximately 5-10% of cancer are due to inherited genetic defects. Cancers can be detected by certain signs and symptoms. Best available Cancer Treatment in Mumbai There are majorly two ways to cure cancer.1. Surgery2. Chemotherapy What is Surgery? The goal of the surgery is to remove the cancer as much of the cancer as possible. What is Chemotherapy? Chemotherapy is a drug treatment for cancer patients. In this drug treatment powerful chemicals are used to kill fast-growing cells in body. Since cancer cells grow and multiply ver rapidly than any other cells in the body. Most types of cancers are treated using different chemotherapy drugs. These drugs are either used alone or in combination with other chemotherapy drugs. As we know that chemotherapy is an effective and the most used way to treat cancer, we should also know that it carries a risk of side effects. Because everything comes with a cost of something. Benefits of Chemotherapy *Chemotherapy helps in shrinking/reducing the cancer or in simple terms it helps to slow down the rate of growth of cancer.*Chemotherapy also prevents cancer to spread any further.*It helps in reducing pain in the area and other problems caused by the tumour.*It cures cancer completely in most cases.RISKSAs we are aware that drugs have some side effects. And different drugs causes different side effects. Same is the case with the chemotherapy drugs. Most of the side effects are short terms though. They will begin to o once the treatment is completed. Some general side effects of chemotherapy are listed down below.• Tiredness and weakness• Reduced platelets• Risk of getting infection due to pure immunity• Loss of Appetite Procedure of Chemotherapy As we know that chemotherapy is a serious treatment for a serious disease, it’s important to know everything about it before going through it. Patient undergoes a series of tests to help determine whether you are healthy enough for the chemotherapy. These tests include heart examination and various blood tests to determine the health of your body. These tests also helps the doctor to decide which kind of chemotherapy to be used in your treatment. Doctor may also recommend you to visit your dentist before beginning the treatment as the chemotherapy affects your body’s ability to heal. If there is any kind of infection in your gums or teeth ,it could possibly spread throughout your body causing numbers of complications. Chemotherapy is mostly given in the form of pills but in some cases it is also given directly into your veins by injection or an IV. Let’s discuss further about the ways of chemotherapy in detail.ORAL CHEMOTHERAPY MEDICATION In this procedure pills are given directly to be swallowed by patient. They come in variety of oral forms such as pills ,tablets ,capsules ,liquid all of which can be absorbed by the stomach or under the tongue.INTRA MUSCULAR CHEMOTHERAPY INJECTIONS In this type of chemotherapy IM injections are given into the muscles. In this absorption of medication is more rapid than the oral form but slower than sub lingual. Most chemotherapy are not given in this form because of the harshness of the chemicals used.INTRAVENOUS CHEMOTHERAPY Intravenous chemotherapy allows for rapid entry into the body’s circulation ,where it is carried throughout the body in the blood stream. This is the most common method of chemotherapy, since most chemo drugs are easily absorbed through the blood stream.Chemotherapy DrugsChemotherapy drugs are categorised based on their mode of action. There are a few main categories that we should be aware of. Like for breast cancer, lung cancer ,sarcoma we use Alkylating agents. And to treat leukaemia , pancreatic cancer ,ovarian cancer , Lung cancer and gastrointestinal cancer we use Plant alkaloids. And to prevent side effects or allergic reaction from chemotherapy we use Corticosteroids.Duration of Chemotherapy Chemotherapy often involves several sessions of treatment. It shows the amount of time that comes between the start of one round of chemotherapy to the start of next.Chemotherapy usually lasts for around 3-6 months in general. However it also depends on the type of cancer. It can be shorter or longer accordingly.How much it costs?Chemotherapy costs in India differ from place to place and doctor to doctor.The minimum price comes somewhere around INR 3000 and it goes up to INR 50,000.However the cost depends on several other factors as well such as age of the patient, medical condition of patient,